- What is the adverse environmental effect?
- What is environment?
- What is pollution?
- What is sustainable development?
- What is noise?
- What is waste?
- What is hospital waste?
- What is municipal waste?
- What is agricultural waste?
- What is ecosystem?
- What is biodiversity?
- What is effluent?
- What is an emission standard?
- What is hazardous substance?
- What is an industrial activity?
- What is Environmental Protection Order?
- What are the projects requiring Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)?
- What are the projects requiring Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)?
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According to Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997, the adverse environmental effect is:
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Environment means:
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Pollution means the contamination of air, land or water by the discharge or emission of effluent or wastes or air pollutants or noise or other matter which either directly or indirectly or in combination with other discharges or substances alters unfavorably the chemical, physical, biological, radiation, thermal or radiological or aesthetic properties of the air, land or water or which may, or is likely to make the air, land or water unclean, noxious or impure or injurious, disagreeable or detrimental to the health, safety, welfare or property of persons or harmful to biodiversity. |
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Sustainable development means development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. |
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Noise means the intensity, duration and character of sounds from all sources, and includes vibration. |
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Waste means any substance or object which has been, is being or is intended to be, discarded or disposed of, and includes liquid waste, solid waste, waste gases, suspended waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste, nuclear waste, municipal waste, hospital waste, used polyethylene bags and residues from the incineration of all types of waste. |
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Hospital waste means waste which is or which contains a hazardous substance or which may be prescribed as hazardous waste. |
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Municipal waste includes sewage, refuse, garbage, waste from abattoirs, sludge and human excreta and the likes. |
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Agricultural waste means waste from farm and agricultural activities including poultry, cattle arming, animal husbandry residues from the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other farm chemicals. |
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Ecosystem means a dynamic complex of plant, animal and micro-organism communities and their non-living environment interacting as a functional unit. |
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Biodiversity or biological diversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources, including inter alia terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part, including diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems. |
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Effluent means any material in solid, liquid or gaseous form or combination thereof being discharged from industrial activity or any other source and includes a slurry, suspension or vapor. |
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Emission standard means the permissible standards established by the federal agency or a provincial agency for emission of air pollutants and noise and for discharge of effluent and waste. |
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Hazardous substance means a substance or mixture of substances, other than a pesticide as defined in the Agricultural Pesticides Ordinance, 1971 (ii of 1971), which, by reason of its chemical activity or toxic, explosive, flammable, corrosive, radioactive or other characteristics, causes, or is likely to cause, directly or in combination with other matters an adverse environmental effect, and any substance which may be prescribed as a hazardous substance. |
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Industrial activity means any operation or process for manufacturing, making, formulating, synthesizing, altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing, packing or otherwise treating any article or substance with a view to its use, sale transport, delivery or disposal, or for mining, for oil and gas exploration and development, or for pumping water or sewage, or for generating, transforming or transmitting power or for any other industrial or commercial purpose. |
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Environmental Protection Order (EPO) is issued when the federal agency or a provincial agency determines that the discharge or emission of any effluent, waste, air pollutant or noise, or the disposal of waste, or the handling of hazardous substances, or any other act or omission is likely to occur, or is occurring, or has occurred, in violation of the provisions of this act, rules or regulations or of the conditions of a license, and is likely to cause, or is causing or has caused an adverse environmental effect, the federal agency or, as the case may be, the provincial agency may, after giving the person responsible for such discharge, emission, disposal, handling, act or omission an opportunity of being heard, by order direct such person to take such measures that the federal agency or provincial agency may consider necessary within such period as may be specified in the order. |
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What are the projects requiring Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)? |
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The projects requiring Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) are listed below:
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What are the projects requiring Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)? |
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The projects requiring Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) are listed under:
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